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The intersection of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and public health has emerged as a promising area for addressing Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) in textual datasets. This systematic review aimed at identifying and evaluating various NLP techniques, including Large Language Models (LLMs), used for SDoH tasks. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search will be conducted across seven databases, covering studies published in English from 2010 to August 2024. Three independent reviewers will screen the studies, with additional reviewers resolving any conflicts. The review will also include a forward citation search. The characteristics and findings of the included studies will be systematically tabulated, visualized, and summarized. The search was completed in August 2024, with results expected for publication in early 2025. This review aims to highlight research gaps and suggest future directions, guiding the development of more effective NLP models to improve health outcomes related to SDOH.